Maha Mrityunjaya Mantra

Mantra: English

Om Tryamlakam Yajamahe

Sugandhim Pusti - vardhanam

Urva - rukamiva Bandhanan

Mrtyor - muksheeya Ma - amritat

मंत्र : हिन्दी

ॐ त्र्यम्लाकम यजामहे

सुगन्धिम पुष्टि - वर्धनम्

उर्वारुकमिव बंधनान

म्र्त्योरामुक्षीय मामृतात

Meaning: Om. We worship The Three-Eyed Lord Shiva who is fragrant and who increasingly nourishes the devotees. Worshipping him may we be liberated from death for the sake of immortality just as the ripe cucumber easily separates itself from the binding stalk.

Explanation: The mantra is a prayer to Lord Shiva who is addressed as Sankara and Trayambaka. Sankara is sana (blessings) and Kara (the Giver). Trayambaka is the three eyed one (where the third eye signifies the giver of knowledge, which destroys ignorance and releases us from the cycle of death and rebirth).

Rumtek Monastery - Dharma Chakra Centre

Rumtek Monastery, also known as the Dharmachakra Centre, is a Tibetan Buddhist monastery located in the State of Sikkim, India. Rumtek is located approx. 24 km from Gangtok, the capital of the Sikkim, at an altitude of about 1500 m. The best season to visit, in terms of weather, is March to late May, or from October to mid-December. The languages spoken in the area are: Sikkimese, Pahari (the local Nepalese dialect), Hindi, Tibetan and English. You can go to Rumtek in Tourist Cabs/Taxies.

Originally built by the 9th Karmapa Wangchuk Dorje in 16th century, Rumtek served as the main seat of the Karma Kagyu lineage in Sikkim for some time. But when the 16th Karmapa arrived in Sikkim in 1959, after fleeing before the Chinese occupation of Tibet, it was in ruins. Despite being offered other sites, the Karmapa decided to rebuild Rumtek. To him, the site possessed many auspicious qualities and was surrounded by the most favorable attributes. For example, flowing streams, mountains behind, a snow range in front, and a river below. With the generosity and help of the Sikkim royal family and the Indian government, it has been built by the 16th Karmapa as his main seat in exile.

After four years, construction of the monastery was completed. The sacred items and relics brought out from Tsurphu Monastery, the Karmapa's seat in Tibet, were installed. On Tibetan New Year's day (Losar) in 1966 the 16th Karmapa officially inaugurated the new seat called, "The Dharmachakra Centre, a place of erudition and spiritual accomplishment, the seat of the glorious Karmapa."

Rumtek Monastery is currently the largest in Sikkim. It is home to the community of monks and where they perform the rituals and practices of the Karma Kagyu lineage. A Golden Stupa contains the relics of the 16th Karmapa. Opposite that building is a college, Karma Shri Nalanda Institute for Higher Buddhist Studies. It is believed that the monastery is an absolute replica of the original Kagyurpa Monastery in Tsurphu, Tibet. The center houses some of the world's most unique religious scriptures, manuscripts and religious art objects.

The monastery holds annual events for the public. Two of the most festive and important events are held each summer and winter. In the fourth lunar month of the Tsurphu Tibetan calendar either the Guru Rinpoche or the Vajrakilaya Drupchen (great sadhana practice retreat) take place.

Chanakya Niti & Quotes

• A man is great by deeds, not by birth. - Chanakya
• A person should not be too honest. Straight trees are cut first and honest people are screwed first. - Chanakya
• As a single withered tree, if set aflame, causes a whole forest to burn, so does a rascal son destroy a whole family. - Chanakya
• A good wife is one who serves her husband in the morning like a mother does, loves him in the day like a sister does and pleases him like a prostitute in the night. - Chanakya
• A man is born alone and dies alone; and he experiences the good and bad consequences of his karma alone; and he goes alone to hell or the Supreme abode. - Chanakya
• As long as your body is healthy and under control and death is distant, try to save your soul; when death is imminent what can you do? - Chanakya
• As soon as the fear approaches near, attack and destroy it. - Chanakya
• Before you start some work, always ask yourself three questions - Why am I doing it, what the results might be and will I be successful. Only when you think deeply and find satisfactory answers to these questions, go ahead. - Chanakya
• Books are as useful to a stupid person as a mirror is useful to a blind person. - Chanakya
• Do not be very upright in your dealings for you would see by going to the forest that straight trees are cut down while crooked ones are left standing. - Chanakya
• Do not keep company with a fool for as we can see he is a two-legged beast. Like an unseen thorn he pierces the heart with his sharp words. - Chanakya
• Do not reveal what you have thought upon doing, but by wise council keep it secret being determined to carry it into execution. - Chanakya
• Education is the best friend. An educated person is respected everywhere. Education beats the beauty and the youth. - Chanakya
• Even if a snake is not poisonous, it should pretend to be venomous. - Chanakya
• God is not present in idols. Your feelings are your god. The soul is your temple. - Chanakya
• He who is overly attached to his family members’ experiences fear and sorrow, for the root of all grief is attachment. Thus one should discard attachment to be happy. - Chanakya
• He who lives in our mind is near though he may actually be far away; but he who is not in our heart is far though he may really be nearby. - Chanakya
• If one has a good disposition, what other virtue is needed? If a man has fame, what is the value of other ornamentation? - Chanakya
• It is better to die than to preserve this life by incurring disgrace. The loss of life causes but a moment's grief, but disgrace brings grief every day of one's life. - Chanakya
• Never make friends with people who are above or below you in status. Such friendships will never give you any happiness. - Chanakya
• Wise man! Give your wealth only to the worthy and never to others. The water of the sea received by the clouds is always sweet. - Chanakya
• Once you start a working on something, don't be afraid of failure and don't abandon it. People who work sincerely are the happiest. - Chanakya
• One whose knowledge is confined to books and whose wealth is in the possession of others can use neither his knowledge nor wealth when the need for them arises. - Chanakya
• Purity of speech, of the mind, of the senses, and of a compassionate heart is needed by one who desires to rise to the divine platform. - Chanakya
• Test a servant while in the discharge of his duty, a relative in difficulty, a friend in adversity, and a wife in misfortune. - Chanakya
• The biggest guru-mantra is: never share your secrets with anybody. It will destroy you. - Chanakya
• The earth is supported by the power of truth; it is the power of truth that makes the sun shine and the winds blow; indeed all things rest upon truth. - Chanakya
• The fragrance of flowers spreads only in the direction of the wind. But the goodness of a person spreads in all direction. - Chanakya
• The happiness and peace attained by those satisfied by the nectar of spiritual tranquility is not attained by greedy persons restlessly moving here and there. - Chanakya
• The life of an uneducated man is as useless as the tail of a dog which neither covers its rear end, nor protects it from the bites of insects. - Chanakya
• The one excellent thing that can be learned from a lion is that whatever a man intends doing should be done by him with a whole-hearted and strenuous effort. - Chanakya
• The serpent, the king, the tiger, the stinging wasp, the small child, the dog owned by other people, and the fool: these seven ought not to be awakened from sleep. - Chanakya
• The wise man should restrain his senses like the crane and accomplish his purpose with due knowledge of his place, time and ability. - Chanakya
• The world's biggest power is the youth and beauty of a woman. - Chanakya
• There is no austerity equal to a balanced mind, and there is no happiness equal to contentment; there is no disease like covetousness, and no virtue like mercy. - Chanakya
• There is poison in the fang of the serpent, in the mouth of the fly and in the sting of a scorpion; but the wicked man is saturated with it. - Chanakya
• There is some self-interest behind every friendship. There is no friendship without self-interests. This is a bitter truth. - Chanakya
• Treat your kid like a darling for the first five years. For the next five years, scold them. By the time they turn sixteen, treat them like a friend. Your grown up children are your best friends. - Chanakya
• We should not fret for what is past, nor should we be anxious about the future; men of discernment deal only with the present moment. - Chanakya
• Whores don't live in company of poor men, citizens never support a weak company and birds don't build nests on a tree that doesn't bear fruits. - Chanakya

Understanding File Permissions in Linux Systems

Understanding File Permissions in Linux Systems
Every file or directory in the Linux file system contains settings for who can read, write or execute the file. These settings are called permissions. Each file or directory is assigned to a specific user and group.

Permissions

Each file or directory has three security groups,
• Owner (Each file or directory has a specific owner or creator)
• Group Access (Each file or directory is assigned to a specific group)
• All Others (If a user is not the owner or is not assigned to the group, those are considered as others)
Each security group has 3 flags that control the access status
Flag 1 = read Flag 2= write Flag 3 = execute
They are listed as 'rwx' or a "-" if the access is turned off.
To view the permissions, you use the ls -l or ll command.
For each file or directory listed, you will see the permissions, owner and group name, and file or directory name.

Examples
-rwxrwxrwx read, write and executable for owner, group and all others
-rwxrwx--- read, write and executable for owner, group only
-rwx------ read, write and executable for owner only
-rw-rw-rw read and write for owner, group and all others
-rwxr-xr-x read, write and executable by owner, only read and executable by group and others
-rw-r--r- read and write by owner, read only for group and all others

Changing Permissions - chmod -
Use “chmod” to change the permissions.

Options:
u, g, o or all Whose permission you are changing: user, group, other or all
+ or - Type of change: add permission or subtract permission combination of
r , w or x which permission you are changing: read, write or execute
file or directory name of file or directory to change

Examples
chmod go-w testFile remove write access for group and others for the file ‘testFile’
chmod go+rw file1 file2 add read and write access for group and others for files 'file1' and 'file2'
chmod ugo+rwx testFile1 add read, write and execute for everyone for 'testFile1'.

Changing Owner - chown -
Use “chown” to change the owner of a file or directory.
Command: chown username
Example: To change the owner of 'file1' and 'file2' to the user 'chinmay'
chown chinmay file1 file2

Changing Group - chgrp -
Use “chgrp” to change the group of a file or directory.
Command: chgrp groupname
Example: To change the group of 'testFile1' and 'testFile2' to the group 'development'
chgrp development testFile1 testFile2